GIS-based integrates assessment of seismic vulnerability and energy efficiency: a case study of a neighborhood in Armilla, Granada (Spain)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2026.5709Keywords:
Seismica Vulnerability, Energy Efficiency, Integrated Retrofitting, Urban ManagementAbstract
This study proposes a methodology to jointly evaluate seismic vulnerability and energy efficiency in the urban center of Armilla (Granada, Spain), aiming to develop an Intervention Prioritization Index (IPI). A hybrid data-collection strategy combined Google Street View observations with on-site field inspections. The collected data were integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS), using cadastral parcels as the spatial unit of analysis. The Benedetti and Petrini method was applied to assess key structural parameters, together with a technical evaluation of each building’s thermal envelope. Results revealed a clear “double vulnerability” in non-renovated areas, showing a direct relationship between seismic fragility and poor thermal insulation performance. Bivariate GIS mapping enabled the spatial identification of priority retrofitting areas where both structural safety and energy performance require improvement, supporting integrated urban retrofitting strategies in seismically exposed environments.
Downloads
References
1. https://www.openstreetmap.orgAstonitas Castillo, E., Chávez Martínez, U., & Cárdenas Rosales, C. R. (2025). Nivel de vulnerabilidad sísmica en edificaciones de albañilería y adobe con Benedetti y Petrini. Revista Nor@ndina, 8(1), 125–138. https://doi.org/10.37518/2663-6360X2025v8n1p125
2. Benedetti, D., & Petrini, V. (1984). Sulla vulnerabilita sismica di edifici in muratura: Proposte di un metodo di valutazione. A method for evaluating the seismic vulnerability of masonry buildings. L’industria Delle Costruzione, 149, 66–74.
3. Djamaluddin, I., Indrayani, P., & Meneisy, A. (2025). Simulation of fault planes and seismic hazard distribution maps using GIS-based 3D modeling algorithms for a seismic risk mitigation study in Egypt. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 18(101). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-025-12252-y
4. Ferrari, L. (2025). GIS-based analysis for seismic vulnerability assessment of strengthened masonry churches: The case of Parma (Italy). The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLVIII-M-9–2025, 481–488. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-9-2025-481-2025
5. Justo, J. L., Azañón, J. M., Azor, A., Saura, J., Durand, P., Villalobos, M., Morales, A., & Justo, E. (2008). Neotectonics and slope stabilization at the Alhambra, Granada, Spain. Engineering Geology, 100(3–4), 101–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.12.007
6. Lico, A., Mariotti, C., Misseri, G., & Rovero, L. (2024). Seismic vulnerability assessment of a building aggregate in the historical centre of Florence. In M. Azrour, K. Baba, A. Batan, Y. El Rhaffari, F. Fratini, F. Gonzalez, M. Haddad, M. Ibnoussina, A. Nounah, D. Pittaluga, & A. Tilioua (Eds.), Materials Research Proceedings (Vol. 40, pp. 79–89). https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-8
7. Maghraoui, M., Ait-Lamallam, S., & El Alami El Filali, S. (2025). Study of BIM-GIS integration for metropolitan governance: Case of seismic assessments of buildings in Morocco. In M. Al Mubarak & A. Hamdan (Eds.), Innovative and Intelligent Digital Technologies; Towards an Increased Efficiency. Study in systems, Decision and Control (Vol. 569, pp. 109–124). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71649-2_9
8. Meng, T., Xiao, S., Yizhi, C., Maltseva, I., & Zeng, L. (2024). An integrated review and analysis of urban building seismic disaster management based on BIM-GIS. E3S Web of Conferences, 542, 01013. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454201013
9. Morales, J., Dengra, M. Á., López-Comino, J. Á., López-Abenza, P. J., Stich, D., Araque-Pérez, C., Cesca, S., & Maestre, J. (2025). Fault identification, complexity and evolution of the 2021, Atarfe-Santa Fe earthquake swarm (Granada basin, Spain). Geophysical Journal International, 241(3), 1911–1922. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf132
10. Moreto Tuesta, C., Mechato Jiménez, M. J., & Díaz Jáuregui, G. A. (2021). Vulnerabilidad sísmica estructural de instituciones educativas públicas, aplicando el método de Benedetti-Petrini. Revista Científica UNTRM: Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, 4(2), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.25127/ucni.v4i2.728
11. Silitonga, S. A., & Bektaş, N. (2024). Seismic performance and sustainability of reinforced concrete buildings: A comprehensive assessment. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 114, 781–786. https://doi.org/10.3303/CET24114131
12. Spanish National Geographic Institute (IGN). (2022). Spanish Seismic catalogue. Centro Nacional de Información Geográfica (Ministerio de Transportes, Movilidad y Agenda Urbana). https://doi.org/10.7419/162.03.2022
13. Vargas Colorado, A., Márquez Domínguez, S., Barradas Hernández, J., Salgado Estrada, R., Carmona-Hernandez, A., & Carpio, F. A. (2023). Corrosion effects on the seismic vulnerability index of reinforced concrete scholar buildings. ECS Transactions, 110(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1149/11001.0039ecst
14. Zeng, J., Kim, H., & Kang, J. (2025). Spatial analysis and fairness evaluation of seismic emergency shelter distribution in High-density cities based on GIS: A case study of Seoul. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 15(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi15010016
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Autor / BY-NC
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Anales de Edificación does not charge authors for processing or publishing an article and provides immediate Open Access to its content. All content is available free of charge to the user or his institution. Users are permitted to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search or link to the full text of articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without prior permission from the publisher or author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.
- Authors retain the copyright and grant to the journal the right to a Creative Commons attribution / Non-Commercial / Non-Derivative 4.0 International (CC BY NC ND) License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of authorship and non-commercial use.
- Authors may separately establish additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (for example, placing it in an institutional repository or publishing it in a book).
Unless otherwise indicated, all contents of the electronic edition are distributed under a Creative Commons license.
