Aplicación de la tecnología BIM en la asignatura de proyecto del Grado de Ingeniería Industrial en la UNEX = Application of BIM technology in the project subject of the industrial engineering degree in UNEX
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20868/abe.2017.1.3513Keywords:
BIM, Educación, Universidad, Competencias, Education, University, Skills.Abstract
Resumen
Un gran número de estudios indican que la necesidad de profesionales con conocimientos BIM está sufriendo un rápido crecimiento. Este crecimiento está dando lugar a problemas en la implantación del BIM en el sector, siendo el principal de ellos la falta de formación de los técnicos en este ámbito [1-4]. Las enseñanzas universitarias actuales, se fundamentan en la adquisición de habilidades por parte del alumnado. En línea con las exigencias del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior que denomina competencias a las habilidades a adquirir por el alumno. En este trabajo se trata de exponer la experiencia docente de la implantación de la tecnología BIM en la asignatura de proyectos. Esta asignatura tiene carácter obligatorio para las tres disciplinas del Grado de Ingeniería Industrial. El objetivo es deducir si el uso docente de la tecnología BIM facilita la adquisición de conocimientos y mejora la comprensión de la asignatura. La educación BIM debe centrarse en el desarrollo de los conocimientos básicos, habilidades y actitudes de los estudiantes [5]. Además, hay que enfatizar en la necesidad de que los técnicos de la industria de la construcción tengan habilidades como la colaboración, comunicación, liderazgo y la gestión de cambios, junto a habilidades técnicas relacionadas con BIM [6]. El mundo académico tiene un papel importante en la transformación de la industria impulsada por BIM [7]. Mientras que las entidades gubernamentales y el sector privado utilizan BIM para la nueva construcción, los programas universitarios han sido mucho más lentos en incorporar la tecnología [8]. Las universidades se están quedando detrás de la industria de la construcción en cuanto a la adopción de la tecnología BIM en la formación de los alumnos [9]. Realmente lo que se evalúa en este trabajo son precisamente los beneficios y dificultades que ha supuesto la implantación de la tecnología BIM en el desarrollo de la asignatura. Cuáles han sido los aspectos que ha mejorado y cuáles son los que se podrían mejorar.
Abstract
Many studies indicate that the need for professionals with BIM skills is undergoing a fast growth. This growth is giving rise to problems in the implementation of BIM in the sector: the main one is the lack of training of technicians in this area. The current university education is based on the acquisition of skills by students. In line with the requirements of the European Higher Education Area which calls competencies the skills to be acquired by the student. In this paper, the teaching experience of the implementation of BIM technology in the project subject is going to be explained. This subject is compulsory for the three disciplines of the Industrial Engineering Degree. The objective is to deduce if the teaching use of the BIM technology facilitates the acquisition of knowledge and improves the understanding of the subject. BIM education should focus on the development of basic knowledge, skills and attitudes of students. In addition, it is necessary to emphasize the need for construction industry technicians to have skills such as collaboration, communication, leadership and change management, along with technical skills related to BIM. The academic world plays an important role in transforming the industry driven by BIM. While government agencies and the private sector use BIM for new construction, university programs have been much slower in incorporating this technology. Universities are staying behind the construction industry in terms of adopting BIM technology in student training. Actually, the benefits and difficulties that has meant the implementation of BIM technology in the development of the subject is evaluated in this work: which aspects have improved and which aspects could be improved.
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