Patagonia, antropización de un territorio natural
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Abstract:
Anthropogenic domination of the territory as a result of the relationship between economic base, level of organization of social and environmental characteristics reveals in the region of Magellan (Chile), four temporary stages. A first stage corresponding to the hunter-gatherer stage, which runs from the beginning of human occupation - with a failed attempt of Spanish settlement in the sixteenth century-to the nineteenth century, after the foundation of Punta Arenas. A second stage of livestock spreading based on the extensive sheep farming which is linked to the wealthiest period of the regional economy, where the ecuneme expands on the steppe ecosystem. The third stage also called the oil-phase with the discovery and exploitation of hydrocarbons, which begins in the early twentieth century and lasts until the discovery of oil in 1945. This form of occupation-exploitation begins to decline with the depletion of the source in the late 1980´s. This fourth stage reaches the entire domination of the ecosystem by the territorial settlement model: the steppe, which is no longer a natural environment after these changes, becomes and anthropogenic ecosystem. At the present, it is being developed the fourth stage or the outsourcing-phase, built on tourism and supported by the diversification of the city matrix over a huge range of services. The economic base is spinning back, leading to new uses over geographic spaces once marginalized in the sphere of social metabolism. The spatial pattern continues operating on the basis of the parent city that rules over a wide hinterland. Tourism owns its leitmotiv towards the Western, bringing up the possibility of assimilating a huge territory, previously forgotten.
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Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional.
Editado en Madrid por Departamento de Urbanística y Ordenación del Territorio (ETSAM), UPM.