Safety culture and workers' perception of occupational hazard = Cultura de seguridad y percepción de riesgos laborales por parte de los trabajadores
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20868/bma.2020.3.4675Keywords:
Safety culture, Risk Perception, NOSACQ-50, Cultura De Seguridad, Percepción De RiesgosAbstract
Abstract
According to data published by the International Labor Organization (ILO, 2019), it is estimated that worldwide, one worker dies every 15 seconds due to work-related accidents or diseases, and that in the same period of time, 153 workers suffer an occupational accident.
An increasing number of companies are concerned with creating a safe work environment. The term preventive culture or safety culture was used for the first time in 1988, in the report prepared by the nuclear safety investigation commission, after the Chernobyl nuclear accident, in present-day Ukraine (1986). As a result of this accident, it began to be raised that something was missing in the understan-ding and knowledge that was had up to that moment about the safety measures in the workplace.
The general objective of this work is to analyze how workers of companies in charge of building maintenance perceive safety in their work environment. To do this, a diagnostic approach is made to the preventive culture of a group of workers dedicated to the maintenan-ce of building facilities.
The perception of risk in the work environment is analyzed through the answers that each of these workers gives to the questions of the Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50-Spanish), a tool developed by a group of occupational health resear-chers from the five Nordic countries (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark and Iceland), with the support of the Nordic Council of Minis-ters, which provides workers' impressions of safety in their workplace.
Resumen
Según los datos publicados por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT, 2019), se estima que a nivel mundial, muere un trabaja-dor cada 15 segundos a causa de accidentes o enfermedades relacionadas con el trabajo, y que en el mismo periodo de tiempo, 153 tra-bajadores sufren un accidente laboral.
Cada vez es mayor el número de empresas que se preocupan por generar un entorno laboral seguro. El término cultura preventiva o cul-tura de seguridad se utilizó por primera vez en el año 1988, en el informe que elaboró la comisión de investigación de seguridad nuclear, tras el accidente nuclear de Chernóbil, en la actual Ucrania (1986). A raíz de este accidente, se empezó a plantear que algo fallaba en la comprensión y en los conocimientos que se tenían hasta ese momento sobre las medidas de seguridad en los lugares de trabajo.
El objetivo general de este trabajo es analizar cómo perciben la seguridad en su entorno laboral los trabajadores de empresas encarga-das del mantenimiento de edificios. Para ello, se realiza una aproximación diagnóstica a la cultura preventiva de un grupo de trabajado-res dedicados al mantenimiento de las instalaciones de edificios.
La percepción del riesgo en el entorno de trabajo, se analiza a través de las respuestas que cada uno de estos trabajadores, da a las pre-guntas del Cuestionario Nórdico de Clima de Seguridad Laboral (NOSACQ-50-Spanish), herramienta desarrollada por un grupo de inves-tigadores de salud laboral de los cinco países nórdicos (Noruega, Suecia, Finlandia, Dinamarca e Islandia), con el apoyo del Consejo Nórdico de Ministros, que permite conocer las impresiones de los trabajadores sobre la seguridad en su lugar de trabajo.
Downloads
References
Cvetkovich, G., & Earle, T. C. Decision making and risk taking of young drivers: Conceptual distinctions and issues. Alcohol, Drugs & Driving, 4(1), (9-19), 1988.
Pastor Ramos, G. Conducta interpersonal: ensayo de psicología social sistemáti-ca. Salamanca: Publicaciones Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, 1978.
Ganzach, Y., Ellis, S., Pazy, A., & Ricci-Siag, T. On the Perception and Operation-alization of Risk Perception. Journal of Judgment and Decision Making, 2008.
Daniellou, F., Simard, M. y Boissières, I. Factores humanos y organizativos de la seguridad industrial: estado del arte. Número 2013-04 de la colección Cahiers de la Sécurité Industrielle. Toulousse (Francia): Fundación por una Cultura de Seguridad Industrial, 2013.
Schein, E. Organizational Culture and Leadership. San Francisco (Estados Unidos): Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1985.
Zohar, D. The effects of leadership dimensions, safety climate, and assigned priorities on minor injuries in work groups, 2002.
Larsson, S., Pousette, A. y Törner, M. Psychological climate and safety in the construction industry-mediated influence on safety behaviour. Safety Science, 46(3), (405-412), 2008.
Coyle, I.R.; Sleeman, S.D. y Adams, N. Safety Climate. Journal of Safety Re-search, Vol. 26, no4, (247-254), 1995.
Gómez Velarde, M. A. Diagnóstico de Cultura Preventiva en el Sector de la Hostelería de Andalucía. Junta de Andalucía e Instituto Andaluza de PRL, 2014.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
The originals of Building & Management magazine are property of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, being necessary to cite the origin of any partial or total reproduction.
All the original articles published in Building & Management are subject to discussion and comments from our readers. Opinions should be sent to the journal's email address, within a period of three months, starting from the date of publication.
Authors retain the copyright of the papers and ensure B&M the right to have a Creative Commons license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), that allow others to share the article within an author recognition and non commercial use.
Authors can also establish independently aditional agreements for the not exclusive distribution of the article published versión in the e-journal (as, for example, to place it in an institutional repository or to publish it in a book).
Unless otherwise indicated, all contents of the electronic edition of Building & Management are distributed under a Creative Commons license and distribution.