Arquitectura de aeropuertos : cuatro ejemplos de terminales aeroportuarias de la década de 1930 = Arquitecture of Airports. Four air terminal examples of the 30s
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20868/cn.2014.2955
Texto completo:
PDFResumen
Resumen
Este artículo se adentra en la reflexión sobre la arquitectura de los aeropuertos que se produjo en el momento del nacimiento de las primeras terminales de pasajeros, en la década de 1930. Antes de ese momento, el tráfico aéreo se desarrolla en Europa de forma más o menos desorganizada sirviéndose de instalaciones improvisadas en aeródromos deportivos o militares. A partir de 1930 la aviación comercial se consolida como explotación comercial, convirtiéndose además en espejo de las aspiraciones de cada nación. Para ilustrar este proceso se presentan cuatro ejemplos de terminales de pasajeros, que se corresponden con cuatro realidades nacionales, contemporáneas pero muy distintas entre sí.
Abstract
During the 1930s Europe witnessed the coming to fruition of early efforts to create a new sort of building: the airport terminal. Architects and engineers struggled to define its essential layout and technical demands, as well as its cultural and aesthetic implications. ¿How did these first designers deal with the invention of a new kind of architectural type? Among many other, four examples of airport terminal have been chosen to illustrate the successes and failures of the first mature approaches to this type of building, which was born at the beginning of the 20th century and has been in constant revision up to the present time: Madrid-Barajas (1933), Paris-Le Bourget (1937), Dublin-Collinstown (1940) and Berlin- Tempelhof, (started in 1936).
Referencias
Abejón Adámez, Manuel. 1996. Los aeropuertos españoles: su historia
: 1911-1996. Madrid: AENA
Baldellou Santolaría, Miguel Ángel. 1997. Luis Gutiérrez Soto. Madrid: Electa.
Banham, Reyner. 1962. The obsolescent Airport. The Architectural Review
, 788: 250-253.
Becker, Annette (Ed.). 1997. 20th Century Architecture . Ireland. Munich: Prestel-Verlag
Bowdler, Roger (et al.). 2000. Berlin Tempelhof, Liverpool Speke, Paris Le Bourget: airport architecture of the thirties. Paris: Editions de Patrimoine.
Browne, Michael. 1962. Airport passenger building. Architectural Review,
Nov. 1962: 341-347
Clancy, Brendan. 2006. Civil Aviation in Ireland, Engineering Ireland. Cork: Ronald Cox, The Collins Press. 160-166
Cleveland-Peck, Patricia. 2008. Berlin Airlift Remembered. History Today
Vol. 58, nº 10: 3-4.
Cook, Chris, y Stevenson, John. 1998. Modern European History . Essex: Longman, Harlow.
Cranitch, Tom and Skinner, Liam (ed.). 1992. Ireland and World Aviation. The Complete Story . Dublín: Director Publications.
De Miguel, Carlos. 1978. La obra de Luis Gutiérrez Soto. Madrid: COAM.
Dittrich, Elke. 2008. Der Flughafen Tempelhof in Entwurfszeichnungen und Modellen 1935-1944. Berlin: Lukas Verlag.
Douglas, Roy. 1999. Ireland since 1690 . Belfast: The Blackstaff Press.
Fernández Shaw, Casto.1930. Propuesta para el aeropuerto de Barajas.
Cortijos y Rascacielos. Nº1:27-32.
Forsyth, Alastair. 1982. Buildings for the age: new buildings types 1900-1939. Londres: Royal commission on Historical Monuments.
Glidden, Horace. Law, Hervey. Cowles, John. 1946. Airports: design, construction and management. Nueva York / Londres: McGraw-Hill.
Gordon, Alastair. 2008. Naked airport, a Cultural History of the World’s most Revolutionary Structure. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Hanks, Steadman S. 1929. International Airports, New York: The Ronald Press Company.
Hecker, Manfred. 1994. Heimatkunde: Flughafen Tempelhof, Berlin, Platz der Luftbrucke/ Tempelhofer Damn/Columbiadamm. Bauwelt.v.85, n.46: 2543-2544
Larmour, Paul. 2009. Architecture and the Free State. Dubín: Gandon Editions.
Le Corbusier. 1935. The Radiant City: Elements of a Doctrine of Urbanism to be used as the Bases of our Machine-Age Civilization. Londres. The
Architectural Press
Le Corbusier. 1923. Hacia Una arquitectura. Madrid: Apóstrofe, 1998.
Le Corbusier. 1929. The City of Tomorrow and its planning. Londres: The Architectural Press
Le Corbusier. 1935. Aircraft. Londres: Trefoil Publications.
Le Corbusier. 1947. Urbanisme et aéronautique. Techniques et architecture, nº 9-12: 463-467.
Leary, William M. 1995. From Airship to Airbus: the History of Civil and Commercial Aviation. Washington y Londres: Smithsonian
López-Pedraza Munera, F. 1947. Aeropuertos. Madrid: INTA.
Miracco, Renato. 2005. Aérea. Cielos futuristas.Catálogo de la exposición
. Madrid: Ayutamiento de Madrid
McDonald, F. 1985. The Destruction of Dublin. Dublín:Gill and Macmillan
Myerscough, John. 1985. Airport provision in the Inter-War years,
Journal of Contemporary History. vol. 20, nº 1. Cambridge / Madison:
University of Cambridge /Stanley Payne University of Wisconsin: 41-70.
O'Malley, Michael C. 2003. Baldonnell Aerodrome 1917-1957, Dublin Historical Record , Vol. 56, nº.2: 170-181
Oram, Hugh. 1990. Dublin Airport, the history. Dublín: Aer Rianta.
Pascoe, David. 2001. Airspaces. Londres: Reaktion Books.
Pearman, Hugh. 2004. Airports: a century of architecture, Londres: Laurence King Publishing.
Rothery, Sean. 1991. Ireland and the new architecture.1900-1940, Dublín: The Lilliput Press.
Scholberg, Philip (ed.). 1937. Airports and Airways 1937, Catalogue to the exhibition. Londres: Royal Institute of British Architects.
Schonwetter, Christian (ed.). 2005. Airport Design.Colonia / Londres: Daab.
Schmidt, Peter. 1992. A Nation of Flyers: German Aviation and the Popular Imagination.
Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Speer, Albert. 2005. Memorias. Madrid: Acantilado
Thomas, Lowel. 1927. European Skyways: the story of a tour of Europe by airplane. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Utrilla, Luis; García Cruzado, Marcos. 2005. Historia de los aeropuertos de Madrid. Madrid: AENA.
U.S. Department of State. 1942-47. The Paris Peace Conference, 1919. Washington. U.S. Govt. Print Office.
Walker, Dorothy. 1995. Michael Scott Architect. Kinsale: Gandon Editions.
Warner, Edward P. 1926. International Air Transport, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 4, No. 2 Londres: Council on Foreign Relations: 278-293.
Wood, John Walter. 1940. Airports: Some Elements of Design and Future Development , Nueva York: Coward-McCann Inc.
Zukowsky, John (ed.). 1966. Building for Air Travel, Architecture and Design for Commercial Aviation. Munich / Nueva York: Prestel.
Arquitectura , 1930. Madrid: Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Madrid. nº129: 13-28.
A Terminal building, Le Bourget Airport: architect Georges Labro. Architect and building news. 1937. Londres. Iliffe & Sons Ltd. nº26: 252-255.
RIBA Aerodrome Competition, The architect’s Journal, 1929. nº69: 208-1.
The new airport at Le Bourget, Paris; Architect: G. Labro, Architectural Review 1939. Londres:Architectural Press Ltd. nº2: 9-92
RIBA Competition for a Design of an Aerodrome, Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects. 1929. Londres. RIBA. nº36: 325-26.
L’Architecture d’Ajourd’Hui. 1936. Montpellier: Archipress & Associés. nº 9.
L’Architecture d’Ajourd’Hui. 1937. Montpellier: Archipress & Associés. nº8, nº9
Enlaces refback
- No hay ningún enlace refback.
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional.
ISSN: 1138-1590
eISSN: 2386-8376