Uso de técnicas de voxelización en el tratamiento de nubes de puntos de distinto origen en entornos de edificación = Use of voxelisation techniques in the treatment of point clouds of different origin in building environments

Javier Raimundo-Valdecantos


DOI: https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2022.5037

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Resumen


El empleo de nubes de puntos adquiridas por distintas técnicas y herramientas como el escáner laser, LIDAR o fotogrametría (terrestre y aérea), tiene cada vez más usos y empleos en el entorno constructivo y de la edificación. Una nube de puntos no es más que una colección de puntos definidos por sus coordenadas dentro de un espacio cartesiano: X, Y, Z. A su vez, cada punto puede tener una propiedad adicional registrada: color, intensidad del pulso retornado, etc. Los puntos dentro de estas nubes están desestructurados y no contienen información semántica, geométrica o topológica de los objetos. Esta falta de estructura forma un cuello de botella en el proceso de estos datos y en el desarrollo y obtención de información útil derivada a partir de ellos. Para poder evaluar el funcionamiento y posibilidades de los vóxeles multiespectrales, se han tomado una serie de datos con distintos sensores produciendo múltiples nubes de puntos. Esta toma de datos se ha enfocado al estudio de un muro de cerramiento de un edificio de Patrimonio Histórico. Una vez adquiridas las nubes de puntos de cada sensor, se ha realizado una voxelización, fusionando la información multiespectral en cada vóxel. Mediante medidas estadísticas, podemos asegurar la calidad en el proceso de fusión.

Abstract

The use of point clouds acquired by different techniques and tools such as laser scanners, LIDAR or photogrammetry (terrestrial and aerial) is increasingly being used in the construction and building environment. A point cloud is nothing more than a collection of points defined by their coordinates within a Cartesian space: X, Y, Z. In turn, each point can have an additional registered property: colour, intensity of the returned pulse, etc. The points within these clouds are unstructured and contain no semantic, geometric or topological information about the objects. This lack of structure forms a bottleneck in the processing of this data and in developing and obtaining useful information derived from it. In order to evaluate the performance and possibilities of multispectral voxels, a series of data has been collected with different sensors producing multiple point clouds. This data collection was focused on the study of an enclosure wall of a historical heritage building. Once the point clouds have been acquired from each sensor, voxelisation has been performed, fusing the multispectral information in each voxel. By means of statistical measurements, we can ensure the quality of the fusion process.

 


Palabras clave


Vóxel; Nube De Puntos; Voxelización; Multiespectral; Fusión; Voxel; Point Cloud; Voxelisation; Multispectral; Fusion

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