Improving the Scoring System with the Choosing by Advantages (CBA) elements to evaluate Construction-Flows using BIM and Lean Construction = Mejora del sistema Scoring con los elementos de selección por ventajas (CBA) para evaluar los flujos de construcción utilizando BIM y Lean Construction
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20868/abe.2019.2.3987
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Abstract
The multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) methods are used as Lean tools, specially, the Choosing by Advantages (CBA) method. CBA has been successfully applied to several construction management projects and it has proven many benefits over the traditional MCDM methods, among them, Scoring method, which is widely used in public and private projects. The main purposes are to improve the Scoring system with the CBA elements and to describe a teaching strategy applied in the School of Civil and Building Engineering. The present study proposes three methods to evaluate the best construction-flow option using 4D models and Lean Construction, based on the adaptation of the CBA system to the Scoring system. It offers a case study in which we select the best construction-flow option during structural work among four clusters of sectorization designs for a residential building. We compare and discuss how it is best to combine the Scoring and CBA approaches, which complement each other. The CBA and modified Scoring systems obtained very similar results. The methods were validated with the similar rankings, the improved collaboration, the survey responses from stakeholders and the transparency of the decision-making process. We recommend the inclusion of CBA elements in the overall framework, to create greater transparency and to reduce the time to reach consensus. The study suggests that MCDM methods combined with 4D models are useful means of achieving better comprehension of the construction flow and thus choosing the best construction alternatives.
Resumen
Los métodos de toma de decisiones multicriterio (MCDM) se utilizan como herramientas Lean, especialmente, el método de selección por Ventajas (CBA). CBA se ha aplicado con éxito a varios proyectos de gestión de la construcción y ha demostrado muchos beneficios sobre los métodos tradicionales de MCDM, entre ellos, el método de Scoring, el cual se usa frecuentemente en proyectos públicos y privados. Este trabajo tiene como objetivos principales mejorar el sistema de Scoring con los elementos de CBA y describir una estrategia de enseñanza aplicada en una escuela de Ingeniería Civil. El presente estudio propone métodos para evaluar la mejor opción de flujo de construcción utilizando modelos 4D y Lean Construction, basados en la adaptación del sistema CBA al sistema de Scoring. Se ofrece un estudio de caso en el que se selecciona la mejor opción de flujo de construcción entre cuatro grupos de diseños de sectorización para un edificio residencial. Se compara y discute sobre la mejor combinación de los enfoques de Scoring y CBA, los cuales se complementan entre sí. El CBA y el sistema de Scoring modificado obtuvieron resultados muy similares. Los métodos se validaron por medio de resultados similares, colaboraciones optimizadas, respuestas satisfactorias en las encuestas de las partes interesadas y por la transparencia del proceso de toma de decisiones que se percibió. Se recomienda la inclusión de elementos del CBA en el marco general del sistema Scoring, para crear una mayor transparencia y reducir el tiempo para llegar a un consenso. El estudio sugiere que los métodos MCDM combinados con modelos 4D son medios útiles para lograr una mejor comprensión del flujo de construcción y, por lo tanto, elegir las mejores alternativas..
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