Desarrollo de una metodología basada en el aprendizaje multidimensional en las disciplinas técnicas = Development of a methodology based on multidimensional learning in technical disciplines

Daniel García de Frutos, Amparo Verdú Vázquez, Francisco David de la Peña Esteban, Oscar López Zaldívar


DOI: https://doi.org/10.20868/abe.2017.1.3508

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Resumen

Las metodologías de aprendizaje tradicionales no son coherentes con los procesos de aprendizaje y descriptivos que irrumpen en las disciplinas de la mano de programas informáticos. La evolución del campo de las enseñanzas técnicas es muy veloz. Sin embargo, no hay tecnología que sea lo suficientemente rápida en su implantación que no permita el introducir nuevas formas de enseñanza.No debemos equivocarnos al hablar de aprendizaje multidimensional solamente en el sentido, que se le ha dado a veces, de aquel que proviene de diferentes fuentes (de la escuela, del entorno laboral, del barrio, de la familia,…) Se trata de darle un sentido de literalidad, basándose en las características dimensionales que en este caso se adoptan de los sistemas gráficos BIM (Building Information Modeling). En una primera fase se lleva a cabo en las disciplinas MEP (referentes a las instalaciones Mecánicas, Eléctricas e Hidrosanitarias–Plomería.) Para ello hacemos una pequeña descripción de las dimensiones consideradas agrupadas, por tratarse de un resumen, que las identifique con las actividades propuestas. No se trata solamente de un modelo creador, que es como está diseñado, sino también se ha realizado una adaptación como modelo descriptivo. Se usa las dimensiones 1D y 2D para definir las condiciones de partida del aprendizaje, representar a grandes rasgos la tecnología a estudiar y poder empezar a utilizar métodos gráficos para la comprensión del objeto de aprendizaje. Se usan las dimensiones 3D a 7D para la definición pormenorizada y el conocimiento profundo que van desde aspectos que incluyen: definición material, procesos de ejecución, costes, incidencia medioambiental, ciclo de vida y mantenimiento. La dimensión 8D propone la Socialización del aprendizaje. Debate y compartir las soluciones aportadas o analizar las propuestas de futuro. La dimensión 9D consiste en una Evaluación crítica. Nos permite contrastar el nivel de profundización, se incluye en el aprendizaje. Llegar a saber el LOD (Level of Development) a que ha llegado cada estudiante nos permite reiniciar el proceso con garantías de mejora.

Abstract

Traditional learning methodologies are not coherent with the learning and descriptive processes that break into the disciplines in the hand of software. The evolution of the field of technical education is very fast. However, there is no technology that is fast enough in its implementation that does not allow the introduction of new forms of teaching. We should not be mistaken when speaking of multidimensional learning only in the sense that it has sometimes been given of that which comes from different sources [1] (school, work environment, neighborhood, family, ...) Tries to give it a sense of literality, based on the dimensional characteristics that in this case are adopted of the BIM (Building Information Modeling). In the first phase it is carried out in the disciplines MEP (referring to the Mechanical, Electrical and Hydro sanitary-Plumbing facilities). To do this we make a small description of the dimensions considered grouped, as a summary that identifies them with the proposed activities. It is not only a creative model, which is how it is designed, but also an adaptation has been made as a descriptive model. Dimensions 1D and 2D are used to define the starting conditions of learning, to outline the technology to be studied and to be able to begin to use graphic methods for understanding the learning object. 3D dimensions to 7D are used for detailed definition and in-depth knowledge ranging from aspects including:  material definition, execution processes,  costs, environmental impact, life cycle and maintenance. The 8D dimension proposes the Socialization of learning. Debate and share the solutions provided or analyze future proposals. The 9D dimension consists of a Critical Assessment. It allows us to compare the level of deepening, is included in the learning. Getting to know the LOD (Level of Development) to which each student has arrived allows us to restart the process with guarantees of improvement.


Palabras clave


Innovación docente; aprendizaje; educación; BIM; Teaching innovation, learning, education, BIM

Referencias


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